Optical system

The optical system ancient mas dates back from the appearance of the animals on the land. Some elementary systems only distinguish the sheens and the shades and other complex mas are capable of distinguishing minimums detail, small variations of color, luminosity, distance, forms, proportions. It is an organ of the animals that together with the brain effects the process of the vision. Whose function is to turn the electromagnetic waves of the light into electrical impulses that spending for the optical nerve goes to the brain to produce the effect of the vision.
The image that is formed on the retina is invested since it happens in a camera, but the image on the retina is virtual due to the fact that the real image is the one that the brain interprets and there is this the image that we perceive. Notice that the structure of the new photosensitive materials they are structural and functionally similar to that of the retina. Will they have been based on this biological marvel to do the current photographic sensors? In the human beings, in these photorecipients one gives the process of transformation of the beams of light to electrical impulses that are transmitted by the optical nerve towards the brain, they are two types: Cones and canes. CONES, which answer to high levels of light and to the color, for the photopigments conopsinas (vision fotópica or diurnal).
Of the quantity of photopigment in the cone one will give the color that it reproduces, the photopigments will appear in different proportion as it is the case in function to the sheen and the color. CANES, numerous mas and sensitive, 1000 times more sensitive to low intensities of light what makes possible the night vision without detail or color for the photopigments rodopsinas. (Vision escotópica) .Todas the areas of the vision send information to the visual Córtex where it associates with the subjective and emotional information creating a perception he consents of the object. The photographic modern sensors have in his structure photorecipients, photodiodes, PIXELS.
That translate proportionally the light stimulus in electric power the one that is digitized by the processor. The photosensitive sensors, CCD's, with the structure Bayer is most spread and each one consists with photorecipients, pixels, sensitive to a color: red, green, blue. For analogy similar to the function of the cones in the human eye. Lately Kodak, it makes sensors that include besides the pixels with photorecipients, red, green, blue, sensors of sheen and a mini lens in each one.