Film & Video Delivery

Optical system

2011-11-24T15:00:00.000-08:00

The optical system ancient mas dates back from the appearance of the animals on the land. Some elementary systems only distinguish the sheens and the shades and other complex mas are capable of distinguishing minimums detail, small variations of color, luminosity, distance, forms, proportions. It is an organ of the animals that together with the brain effects the process of the vision. Whose function is to turn the electromagnetic waves of the light into electrical impulses that spending for the optical nerve goes to the brain to produce the effect of the vision.
The image that is formed on the retina is invested since it happens in a camera, but the image on the retina is virtual due to the fact that the real image is the one that the brain interprets and there is this the image that we perceive. Notice that the structure of the new photosensitive materials they are structural and functionally similar to that of the retina. Will they have been based on this biological marvel to do the current photographic sensors? In the human beings, in these photorecipients one gives the process of transformation of the beams of light to electrical impulses that are transmitted by the optical nerve towards the brain, they are two types: Cones and canes. CONES, which answer to high levels of light and to the color, for the photopigments conopsinas (vision fotópica or diurnal).
Of the quantity of photopigment in the cone one will give the color that it reproduces, the photopigments will appear in different proportion as it is the case in function to the sheen and the color. CANES, numerous mas and sensitive, 1000 times more sensitive to low intensities of light what makes possible the night vision without detail or color for the photopigments rodopsinas. (Vision escotópica) .Todas the areas of the vision send information to the visual Córtex where it associates with the subjective and emotional information creating a perception he consents of the object. The photographic modern sensors have in his structure photorecipients, photodiodes, PIXELS.
That translate proportionally the light stimulus in electric power the one that is digitized by the processor. The photosensitive sensors, CCD's, with the structure Bayer is most spread and each one consists with photorecipients, pixels, sensitive to a color: red, green, blue. For analogy similar to the function of the cones in the human eye. Lately Kodak, it makes sensors that include besides the pixels with photorecipients, red, green, blue, sensors of sheen and a mini lens in each one.

Composition

2011-11-24T14:59:00.000-08:00

The rules of composition in the icónic Arts , photo fixes or in movement they are based on the pictorial aesthetics.
From the caverns up to the modern civilizations there have had persons dedicated to representing his environment across the painting, sculpture,
Then, it comes out in photographs and cinema. Except the sculpture, other arts
they have distributed and organized the represented elements,
In a two-dimensional space so that it transmits a royal and credible effect.
Using technologies of the plastic arts as, it forms, color, perspective, point of view and point of escape, it will be possible transmit sensations for a total aesthetic fruition of the work. The format or dimensions of the space it is decisive to organize and relate
I object them. Being able to report: balance, stability, movement, harmony,
Pace, tension. The Forms might be figurative when they represent something
Royal or tangible, and abstract when there is no a figurative modal.
To the interior of any composition, they find different geometric figures
That allows to organize the elements creating sense and sensaciónes.
Some artists make it evident, others hide it with details.
The same visual scheme, it can contain more than one technology doing
Very complex composition.

Relation sign - noise

2011-11-24T14:57:00.000-08:00

e-translation
The relation sign - noise measures the purity of the information to digitizing. Noise is any other information that he accompanies on the sign I gave? Cultando his transmission, storage and comprehension.
It is the quotient between the useful sign and the spurious noise.
When the manufacturers of digital chambers include in the especi? Caciones technologies the relation sign noise, it is in the habit of being simply the noise of reading. To force the ISO signi? Ca that exists less light and we have that sub to exhibit, but at the cost of generating noise and losing latitude (dynamic range). Is sensibility of each one of the elements of the sensor? Ja, with an approximate equivalent value to 100 ISO. Do the ISO top indexes that the digital chamber offers us achieve not for an increase in the sensibility of the elements captors, if not, for an ampli? Cación later of the sign that these issue.
Noise sources the S/N it is calculated as the difference between the level of the sign when the device works to normal level of work and the level of noise when with the same level it does not carry sign. Often the principal source of noise is in the habit of being the feeding source of the own equipment. Always there exists a percentage of parasitic noise. The most important types are: Noise of light sources: No? Ujo of light it is uniform, His diversion is random his effects only are estimated in zones of shades or sub exposed.
Residual current: Electrons of thermal origin that generates the silicon of the sensors to any major temperature to 0ºk. Noise of reading: is It generated in the pre ampli? Cador that reads the loads to the exit of the sensor (of type CCD or CMOS). It is the principal noise source, specially to short speeds.

Formats, Proportions, Resolutions

2011-09-12T13:39:00.000-07:00

Sensibility of the video camera

2011-09-05T14:58:00.000-07:00

To determine the sensibility of the video camera, in those that do not indicate it, it will have to be in practical form, this is, comparing the diaphragm that proves to expose with the video camera a surface combat and uniformly illuminated, with the resultant diaphragm of an exposure meter of light reflected on this surface, in the same conditions. If an exposure meter does not have to hand podra do it with a camera in the one that could graduate the HANDLE, moving it until the diaphragm coinsida with the one that indicates the video camera. Knowing the HANDLE of his chamber, it will be able to design his lighting and the photographic atmosphere.

- Focal length in digital cameras

2011-08-27T18:29:00.000-07:00

The focal length of the cameras of roll, 35 mm, they have a rectangular format of 24 x 36 mm, complete picture (full frame) and the focal length of the normal lens is in the habit of being in millimeters, equally or minimally major that the value of the diagonal of the format, 50 mm. (Diagonal = 43.27mm) to avoid aberraciónes chromatic and spherical of the lenses. There are in the habit of being professional digital chambers of different format, this is, that the dimensions of the sensor are not standard as in case of the chambers 35mm. There are sensors full frame, 24x36mm (Diagonal: 43.27 mm) normal L.F of 50mm. Sensors 4/3, 17.3 x 13mm. (Diagonal: 22.5) for that there will correspond a lens of 25 mm as normal L.F.. The sensors 2/3, 8.80 x 6.60 mm (Diagonal: 11 mm) for that there will correspond a lens of 12 mm as normal F.L.

- The light color

2011-08-27T18:28:00.000-07:00

The star formed by two superposed triangles shows us in the first triangle, the primary colors, R, G, B. The second reversed triangle, it shows the secondary colors, Yellow, Magenta, Cyan. Secondary colors that are a product of the mixture of two primary ones. Red + Green = Yellow. Red + Blue = Magenta. Blue + Green = Cyan. The sum of two secondary ones they result in the primary one. The sum of primary colors names him a synthesis aditiva, because the result is the white color. R+V+A = White, providing that they are to 100 % c/u. The Sum of the secondary colors, 100 %, is named Synthesis sustractiva, because the result is the black color. A+M+C = Black. The sum of a primary mas one complementario* results in the white color. V+M = White (Complementary of the Blue, Yellow. Of the Green one, Magenta. Of Red, Cyan). Do not forget that we speak about the theory of the color applied to the photography, it is worth saying of the color of the light.

- lighting 3 -

2011-08-27T18:27:00.000-07:00

On having exposed any photosensitive material, a minimal quantity of light is needed. Not only the existing light that we perceive, due to the fact that the eyes are exquisitely sensitive. Light artificial or mixed with natural light but that has the intensity to do a correct exhibition. Another aspect is the aesthetics of the light, for it it is needed to arrange the sources of artificial light in function to creating an atmosphere, so much in the subject to coming out in photographs like to the environment. If it is a photo, bear in mind that it is an alone shot and only it covers a portion of the space where the subject this one. If it is video or cinema at the time it is necessary to illuminate in function to the displacement of the subject in the scene, and to the continuity temporary space. To read the script. There are formulae in order that the lighting expires in spite of having the sufficient level and that his position with regard to the subject provides the contrast of lighting needed. According to the graph. The principal light is to 45 º with regard to the subject and the light of landfill to the opposite side of equal way. The difference of intensities between both lights produces a contrast that it will have to be calculated with the formula: Contrast of Lighting: CI = L.P + L.R / L.R =
And why not? CI = L.P / L.R. Due to the fact that being between them to 90 º frontal to the subject they were creating a point of major sheen in the area where on they impose. The second formula also is cost in the cases where both lights not on impose, as when the L.P is to Left. Of the subject and the L.R to the right side, to 180 º one of other one. The calculation of contrast will have to be done in units of intensity of incidental light. Footcandles (Fc.). If it does not possess an exposure meter of incidental light in Fc. It will have to turn the values of diaphragm into Fc.

Lighting - 2 -

2011-07-02T11:46:00.001-07:00

To illuminate a person in such a way that it makes alike a realistic day light is achieved by a principal light source in angle with regard to the subject. Compared with the natural light it would represent to the Sun.
The second additional light will refill the part of shade created by the first one what for the natural light would be the rebound in the sky. The third light will play an aesthetic complementary paper. That located behind and towards the subject (light of takeoff) it will produce a cut of the figure creating the three-dimensional illusion on having separated the subject of the background.
It is possible to say four basic rules of behavior of the natural light.
1.- there is a dominant source of light.
2.-All the objects provoke a shade and project it in
The same direction.
3.-The angle of the principal light is usually of 30 º to 40 º on
The horizontal plane of the subject.
4.-It is necessary to to observe details in the brilliant zone or of high lights
So much like in the shades or low lighting.
To illuminate with artificial light it is necessary to locate first the principal light that will define the principal shade.
Helped by the exposure meter, the clearest zone will have to be evaluated and if it is up 3 or 4 diaphragms to the darkest area, definitively a fill light will be used on the above mentioned dark zones.
The difference of intensity between the principal light and the fill light determines the proportion of contrast of the lighting.

CCD, Cmos

2008-08-15T09:40:00.000-07:00

Comparing the film with digital cameras these do not use a roll. That space is used for the electronic systems, ordered to transform the analogical signal of the CCD, in DS, codified in binary language combining zeros and ones(1111 and 0000) and storing them as data that is the reason why they occupy little space. The photosensitive material called “CCD” (Charge Coupled Divice) are semiconductors that acomódate a big quatity of receptor sor fotodiodos that are the sensible analogical elements sensible to the light.They are in charge to transform the light into electrical pulses that soon the systems processed digitally so color and brightness are store in magnetic support, hard disk or CD-ROM. Each fotodiodo is denominated Pixel and they are distributed in the surface of the CCD. In cameras of 3 CCD, each CCD collect a color (RGB), each CCD will have the same resolution, the final resolution is indicated as total pixels. The 3:4 format (proportions of screen) is 720 xs 480, pixels distributed in the CCD.The greater number is the horizontal resolution and the minor number the vertical resolution, so that multiplying both, we will obtain the total Maximum resolution of the CCD. In the first case, 345.600 px, (0.35 mega pixels). The quality of image that provides a camera directly is related to the amount of pixels able to be reproduced in screen or impression. Digital camera, cinematographic style, of 6 mega resolution pixels, is offered by Arri HD-D20.The one that counts just by a CMOS (Semiconducting of Complementary Metal-oxide) of the size of Super cinematographic format of 35 mm. In the way of video signal, the output resolution is of 2,1 Mpxs. (1920 xs 1080 pixels). Like other photosensitive censors, Each pixel is a diode that turns the light on electrical charge, under the principle of the photoelectric cell, discovered by Einstein.

The Eye, Light and Color

2008-07-25T09:01:00.000-07:00

The Light, exists independently of the function of the eye, The color, is a characteristic of the object and not of the light. The human Eye has adapted to the conditions and physical characteristics of the light to perceive both the intensity and the color. The human vision system allows detecting the light in a spectral range between the 400 nanometers (violet) up to the 700 nanometers (red).
The high resolution vision of the human eye is in narrow angles and has the skill of adapting to different intensities of light and color. The retina is a thin very sensitive membrane that lodges the controls the color and of the intensity of the light (the canes). The color sensor cones of high resolution are those who have the skill of separating the stimuli of color. The eyes divide the stimuli of color between the cones which are sensitive to red, green and blue respectively, so our vision of the color is the result of which cones are stimulated, to form all the existing colors. The controllers work to detect and to answer rapidly to the changes of intensity are the canes, they cannot create images of color. Both controllers, cones and canes, work together to create the images. The vision system across the canes has major sensibility in low levels of light and centers on the zone of intensity of the yellow greenish ones. The cones do not have sufficient sensibility in these conditions.

Photometer

2008-07-23T14:06:00.001-07:00

The Photometer, measures the light intensity. The photoelectric cell, which have been impressed by the light, generates an electrical proportional load to the light intensity received, which is translated in numerical values, which will allow us to set up the exposition using the diaphragms and the shutter speeds. (Exposhure.= Intensity of light x Shutter speed). On video it is important to control the exposure manually not automatically. photometer of the camera, reads spot zone values. With the photometer we controlled the intensity lighting, the luminosity of the scene, the contrast and the general atmosphere needed for the history. To obtain unit of visual treatment, especially on video, the work of lighting and exposure is critical. We must not underexpose or overexpose, especially if that must be transfer to film. The video camera is very sensitive and sees everything, but this doesn't mean that it will be of good qualityr. The light read by the camera in the gray cart, gives us the average scene reflection. Taking the reading of each light source, over the gray card, we will be able to calculate the contrast of the lighting.

Color Temperature (ºK)

2008-07-18T15:37:00.000-07:00

Color Temperature (ºK). While the human eye adapts to different conditions of lighting in which the light turns white, The photosensitive materials of color have a spectral fixed sensibility and it must be in neutral balance with the source of lighting. Particular quality of color, appear, when the light source have equally proportion of red, green and blue. Then we say that light is in neutral balance (white light) for this particular material.

Study of the Photography

2008-07-15T17:15:00.000-07:00

The Direction of Photography

2008-07-12T13:12:00.000-07:00

The light is the main material of the photography.
Photography is being understood as the whole visual appearance of the audio-visual product. The Photographer is who takes care of the aesthetic and technical aspect of the work. In the complex productions like the long footages, the team of photography will be a group in the technical area, The Photographer defines the technical conditions of work of the team under his control, in order that they could realize it in total conformity with the design and aesthetic idea of the movie. The general design depends on the interpretation that He does of the demands of the script and the Director, to make it in terms of lights, atmosphere and conditioning the work of camera to the language and technique. To design the technical photographic aspect the characteristics that will be consider are the densitometry of the photosensitive materials, emulsion in case of celluloid and the CCD or Cmos in case of the video.

Lighting

2008-07-05T14:29:00.000-07:00

Luminous intensity
Remember that luminous intensity, refers to the quantitative aspect of a Lighting source, the quantity of light that reaches the scene, it provides the Intensity of lighting.

Lighting
Lighting is the light that falls down on the surface of the subject or object.

Luminosity
The reflection relation of the diverse surfaces of the scene and the contrast relation of the lighting, combined to determine the total contrast of the scene. It is important to think about the tonal values and the lighting as separated entities, because it can act in diverse ways to produce different contrasts.
The lighting and the reflections are controlled in the location with the artificial light or sun screens.

Exposure

2008-07-05T13:55:00.000-07:00

In photography, the correct exposition is the average diaphragm of all the sheens of the scene. If in the scene, the skin of the subject would be the gray average value. The exposition will have to be realized for the value of the human white skin tone, which coincides with the neutral grey of 18 % of reflection. Other sheens of the scene were registering adequately for the latitude effect of the material.

Example: According to the intensity and contrast of the light. If a subject in the scene, demands diaphragm 4, the dynamic range (Latitude), following values have been considered.

What is Filmdelivery?

2008-06-19T21:42:00.000-07:00

Filmdelivery proposal, is an option to investigate the opportunities that could be found in the Peruvian market now. It is a market that is in expansion in the different social, economic activities or average environmental. If you wish to make safe investments or investigations the audio-visual tools will required to approach the subject of your interest, so you will obtein the materials by distance with the modern technology streaming, by email, according to their guidelines of digital photos, documental video, video news, without moving you of your place, without unnecessary increase of the budget.
The Client will choose the quality of the product between an available list and shipment conditions.

Filmdelivery, charge you by Mb. and the operative budget local costs.

We assured confidentiality with a document that you will send to represent you this task.

The payments were made by bank check to our account.

Film Delivery ENG

2008-06-19T21:25:00.000-07:00

Film Delivery english version